Ethics Statement

The Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences (APJSBS) seeks to promote the highest standard of professional ethical norms and values for its research contributors by ensuring accuracy and intellectual integrity of all researches produced under its name or its auspices. Hence, all procedures in studies submitted to APJSBS must be done in accordance to the relevant ethical requirements especially in the treatment of human participants or animal subjects. Authors also need to signify that there is no conflict of interest in the conduct of research. This means that the validity of the research has not been influenced by secondary interest such as financial gain or rivalry